A hydrolysis acidification tankyog ib qho khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg ua ntej ua ntej siv dav hauv kev kho dej hauv nroog thiab kev lag luam. Nws txhim kho cov dej khib nyiab biodegradability los ntawm kev hloov cov organic pollutants mus rau hauv cov yooj yim biodegradable tebchaw los ntawm hydrolysis thiab acidification tshuaj.

Hauv ntau txoj haujlwm kho dej khib nyiab, ib feem loj ntawm cov kuab paug organic muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm complex macromolecular compounds uas nyuaj rau cov qauv kev kho mob lom neeg kom degrade ncaj qha. Lub hydrolysis acidification reactor lov cov complex tshuaj mus rau hauv me me organic molecules, txhim kho lubBOD/COD ratiothiab tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua rau cov txheej txheem kho mob lom tom ntej.

Piv nrog rau cov kev kho mob ib txwm muaj, hydrolysis acidification technology muab ntau yam zoo:

Txo cov organic pollutant complexity.

Txhim kho cov dej khib nyiab biodegradability.

Txhim khu kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho kab mob hauv qab.

Muab lub peev xwm buffering tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv hauv cov dej khib nyiab zoo thiab tus nqi ntws.

Txo lub nra ntawm kev kho mob ntawm cov txheej txheem tom ntej.

Vim li no, hydrolysis acidification tso tsheb hlau luam tau dhau los ua cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv kev kho cov dej khib nyiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov dej khib nyiab uas muaj cov organic hnyav lossis tsis zoo biodegradability.

Txawm li cas los xij, daim ntawv thov kev vam meej nyob ntawm kev xaiv hom reactor kom raug thiab tsim cov kab ke raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov dej khib nyiab.

Feem ntau cov teeb meem xws li sludge accumulation, hydraulic short-circuiting, sludge washout, thiab unstable effluent quality yog feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm tsis tsim nyog reactor xaiv los yog tsis txaus rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv.

Ib qho ntawm peb hom tseem ceeb ntawm hydrolysis acidification tanks siv hauv engineering daim ntawv thov yog:

Upflow Hydrolysis Acidification Tank

Txhua hom reactor muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv, cov qauv kev ua haujlwm, qhov zoo, thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm daim ntawv thov.

Cov txheej txheem hydrolysis acidification yog raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm anaerobic thiab facultative microorganisms.

Cov txheej txheem feem ntau suav nrog ob theem:

2.1 Theem Hydrolysis

Thaum lub sij hawm hydrolysis, microorganisms secrete extracellular enzymes uas zom cov organic molecules loj, xws li:

Cov protein

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Complex organic polymers

Cov tshuaj macromolecular no tau hloov mus rau hauv cov tshuaj me me xws li:

Amino acids

Qab Zib

Cov roj ntsha

Qhov kev hloov pauv no txhim kho cov pa phem nkag mus rau cov kab mob.

2.2 Qib Acidification

Thaum lub sij hawm acidification, acid- tsim cov kab mob hloov cov khoom siv hydrolysis rau hauv:

Volatile fatty acids (VFAs)

Organic acids

Cawv

Hydrogen

Cov pa roj carbon dioxide

Cov khoom lag luam no yooj yim dua rau cov kab mob hauv nruab nrab ntawm kev kho kab mob kom siv.

Tsis zoo li anaerobic digestion systems uas tsom rau methane ntau lawm, hydrolysis acidification tso tsheb hlau luam tsuas yog tsom los txhim kho cov dej khib nyiab biodegradability thiab txhim kho kev kho mob tom ntej.

3.1 Txhim kho cov dej khib nyiab Biodegradability

Ntau cov dej khib nyiab hauv kev lag luam muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob refractory nrog cov biodegradability tsis zoo.

Hydrolysis acidification hloov cov tshuaj no mus rau hauv me me biodegradable molecules, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho mob lom.

Qhov sib piv biodegradability ntau dua tso cai rau cov txheej txheem hauv qab no xws li:

Activated sludge systems

MBBR systems

SBR systems

Biofilm reactors

kom ua haujlwm tau zoo dua.

3.2 Txo COD Kev Kho Mob Load

Hydrolysis acidification pab hloov COD complex rau hauv ntau cov ntaub ntawv biodegradable.

Txawm hais tias lub reactor tsis yog tsim los ua kom tiav COD tshem tawm, nws txhim kho COD hloov dua siab tshiab thiab txo cov organic load nkag mus rau theem kev kho mob hauv qab no.

3.3 Txhim khu kev tiv thaiv kev poob siab

Cov dej khib nyiab feem ntau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv:

Organic concentration

Tus nqi ntws

Cov pa phem

Lub tank tsim kom zoo hydrolysis acidification tank muab lub peev xwm buffering thiab tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem hauv qab dej los ntawm kev hloov pauv sai.

3.4 Txo Sludge Production

Piv nrog rau cov txheej txheem kho aerobic, hydrolysis acidification ua haujlwm hauv cov pa oxygen tsawg thiab feem ntau tsim cov sludge tsawg dua.

Qhov no yuav pab txo tau:

Sludge pov tseg cov nqi

Sludge tuav cov cai

Tag nrho cov nuj nqis ua haujlwm

Hydrolysis acidification reactors tuaj yeem raug cais raws li lawv cov xwm txheej hydraulic, kev sib xyaw, thiab cov tswv yim khaws cia biomass.

Peb lub ntsiab tsim tau tham hauv qab no.

Txheej txheem cej luam

Lub upflow hydrolysis acidification tank yog tam sim no feem ntau siv reactor hom vim nws cov qauv yooj yim, tsis tshua muaj nqi khiav hauj lwm, thiab txhim khu kev qha kev ua tau zoo.

Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv:

Kev kho dej khib nyiab hauv nroog

Khoom noj khoom haus cov dej khib nyiab

Textile pov tseg

Papermaking dej khib nyiab

General industrial wastewater kho mob

Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm

Cov dej khib nyiab nkag mus rau hauv lub reactor los ntawm ib qho kev faib tawm hauv qab thiab ntws los ntawm ib daim pam tshem tawm sludge.

Thaum lub sij hawm upward flow:

Cov dej khib nyiab muaj kev sib cuag siab -concentration facultative sludge.

Suspended solids yog khaws cia.

Cov kab mob hydrolytic degrade complex organic tebchaw.

Soluble biodegradable tshuaj yog generated.

Cov tshuaj kho supernatant yog sau los ntawm sab sauv thiab tawm mus rau cov chav kho mob tom ntej.

Kev tsim qauv ntawm Upflow Hydrolysis Acidification Tank

Lub upflow hydrolysis acidification tank feem ntau txais yuav antsug stratified reactor qauv. Los ntawm hauv qab mus rau sab saum toj, lub tank tuaj yeem muab faib ua plaub thaj chaw ua haujlwm:

Thaj chaw faib dej hauv qab

Sludge tshuaj tiv thaiv cheeb tsam

Sludge- thaj chaw sib cais dej

Effluent collection zone

Txhua cheeb tsam ua ib qho haujlwm tshwj xeeb los xyuas kom meej tias lub tshuab ua haujlwm ruaj khov.

1. Thaj Chaw faib dej hauv qab

Thaj chaw faib khoom hauv qab yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev faib cov dej khib nyiab sib npaug thoob plaws tag nrho cov reactor cross-section.

Txoj kev faib khoom uas muaj xws li:

Ceg perforated yeeb nkab systems

Pulse dej faib tshuab

Cov kav dej xa tawm feem ntau yog teem nrog nqes -fab lossis angled nozzles kom ua tiav cov dej ntws sib xws.

Kev khiav ceev ntawm qhov qhib kev faib khoom feem ntau yuav tsum tau tswj nyob rau hauv:

1.8–2.5 m/s

txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev thaiv thaum tuav cov khoom siv hydraulic zoo.

Lub tank hauv qab feem ntau yog tsim nrog txoj kab nqes ntawm:

0.5%–1%

thiab nruab nrog sludge tso chaw los tiv thaiv qhov chaw tuag thiab sludge tsub zuj zuj.

Middle Sludge Reaction Zone

Qhov chaw sludge cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov chaw kho mob tseem ceeb ntawm lub reactor.

Cov qauv tsim tsis muaj xws li:

Siv dej tob:4–6 m

Hydraulic tuav lub sij hawm (HRT):4-8 teev

Sludge daim pam thickness:2–3 m

Sludge concentration:8–12 g/L

Hauv cheeb tsam no:

Cov dej khib nyiab muaj kev sib cuag siab -sludge.

Hydrolytic microorganisms degrade complex organic teeb meem.

Cov khoom raug tshem tawm raug ntes.

Biodegradability zoo dua.

Kev tuav ib daim pam sludge ruaj khov yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav kev kho mob zoo ib yam.

Upper Sludge-Dej sib cais cheeb tsam

Ntu sab sauv ua haujlwm raws li sludge- thaj chaw sib cais dej.

Hom dej tob:

1–1.5 m

Raws li qhov nce siab tshaj tawm txo qis, tshem tawm sludge hais tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau hauv thaj chaw tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Qhov no txo:

Sludge poob

Biomass ntxuav

Cov kua dej suspended solids concentration

Ib cheeb tsam sib cais tsim tau zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj kom ntev - lub sij hawm reactor stability.

Sab saum toj Effluent Collection Zone

Sab saum toj effluent cheeb tsam yog tsim los rau cov khoom siv kho dej sib sau.

Cov qauv uas muaj xws li:

Triangular overflow weirs

Rectangular overflow weirs

Lub kaw lus kuj tseem tuaj yeem suav nrog cov chaw tso pa tawm kom tshem tawm:

Txheeb xyuas biogas

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

Qhov no pab tswj cov kev mob siab ruaj khov hauv lub reactor.

Qhov zoo ntawm Upflow Hydrolysis Acidification Tanks

Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb suav nrog:

1. Cov qauv yooj yim

Lub reactor muaj ib tug kuj yooj yim configuration tsis muaj complex mechanical khoom.

2. Kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg

Txij li thaum sib tov yog ua tiav los ntawm hydraulic txaus, lub zog noj yog tsawg heev.

3. Stable Microbial Ib puag ncig

Lub suspended sludge pam muab:

Ntev sludge tuav lub sij hawm

High microbial concentration

ruaj khov ua haujlwm lom

4. Tus nqi ua haujlwm qis

Qhov tsis muaj cov cuab yeej siv tshuab sib xyaw txo qis:

Cov nqi zog

Cov khoom siv tu vaj tse

Kev ua haujlwm nyuaj

Kev txwv ntawm Upflow Hydrolysis Acidification Tanks

Txawm tias lawv qhov zoo, upflow reactors muaj ntau yam kev xav tau engineering.

1. Yuav tsum muaj kev faib khoom nruj heev

Kev faib dej tsis sib xws tuaj yeem ua rau:

Hydraulic luv-circuiting

Kev faib tawm tsis sib xws

Txo kev kho kom zoo

Yog li ntawd, lub inlet faib system yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tsim.

2. rhiab heev rau cov ntsiab lus xuab zeb siab

Cov dej khib nyiab uas muaj xuab zeb ntau dhau los yog cov khib nyiab pov tseg yuav ua rau:

Cov yeeb nkab thaiv

Nozzle clogging

Sludge tsub zuj zuj

Pretreatment chaw xws li:

Cov ntxaij vab tshaus

Grit chav

raug pom zoo ua ntej lub reactor.

3. Hydraulic Shock Risks

Sudden flow nce tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov sludge daim pam thiab ua rau:

Sludge flotation

Sludge washout

Poor effluent quality

Engineering Considerations rau Upflow Hydrolysis Acidification Tanks

Txhawm rau kom ua haujlwm ruaj khov:

Zam Kev Yooj Yim Ib Leeg -Point Water Distribution

Ib qho -point lossis txwv -point faib tshuab feem ntau tsim cov hydraulic tsis sib xws.

Kev pom zoo muaj ntau-point faib system.

Tswj Theem Hla Dej Weirs

Kev tsis sib xws ua rau txoj kev nyiam ntws thiab cuam tshuam rau sludge- dej sib cais.

Tsim kom muaj Sludge Discharge Facilities

Periodic sludge paug tiv thaiv:

Tshaj sludge accumulation

Txo cov ntim zoo

Reactor kev ua haujlwm deterioration