Lub ntsiab lus ntawm sludge concentration MLSs
Qhib sludge hais txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov cawv tsis sib xws hauv qhov cub ntawm lub cim MLSS thiab nws chav tsev yog MG \/ l. Nws yog siv los ntsuas qhov ntau ntawm kev ua kom qis qis hauv lub aerer tank. Tag nrho cov nyiaj MLSS suav nrog plaub yam nram qab no:
· · Tej yam kab mob me;
· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Adsorbed ntawm kev ua kom qis qis uas tsis tuaj yeem biodegraded;
Cov kab lus ntawm cov muaj suab nrov microbial;
· Inoracacic teeb meem.
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev nco ntsoov nco ntsoov txog kev sib xyaw ua ke hauv lub pob dej ua ke, tsis xav txog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov cawv sib xyaw ua ke hauv chav dej theem nrab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, thaum saib xyuas kev sib xyaw ntawm cov cawv sib xyaw ua ke hauv lub pob zeb ua kom haum rau ntawm lub tshuab ua kom tiav hauv lub tshuab ua kom tiav.
Kev sib txheeb ntawm sludge concentration thiab lwm yam ntsuas
1. Cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev ua kom yooj yim thiab sludge hnub nyoog
Sludge lub hnub nyoog yog txoj kev ua haujlwm kom ua tiav cov hnub nyoog sludge hnub nyoog taw qhia los ntawm tsis suav nrog kev ua haujlwm sludge. Qhov tsim nyog ntawm kev tswj tau kom muaj sludge concentration tau muab los ntawm kev tswj hwm tsim nyog lub hnub nyoog qis thiab zaub mov micro. Qhov tseeb, yog tias kev ua kom zoo nkauj yog qhov muag tsis pom kev ntau dua, cov teeb meem tsis txaus ntseeg yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, tshaj li tus neeg muaj txiaj ntsig. Qhov no kom meej meej qhia tias kev ua kom qis dua siab heev, uas muaj ntau dua li siv sludge concentration confolled concentration yog tswj tau.
2. Qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev qhib sludge concentration thiab dej kub
Qhov kev loj hlob, kev txhawb nqa, metabolism thiab ntsuas kub ntawm kev ua haujlwm sludge hauv pas dej biochemical tau cuam tshuam zoo. Rau txhua 10 degree txo qis hauv dej kub, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm sludge yuav raug txo los ntawm ib lub sijhawm; Thaum cov dej kub qis dua 10 degree, nws tuaj yeem pom meej meej tias cov kev kho mob tsis zoo. Hauv qhov no, kev hloov pauv hauv dej kub tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm kev kho cov kev ua kom zoo nkauj:
(1) Thaum cov dej kub muaj tsawg, kev ua kom muaj zog ntxiv rau kev tshem tawm qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm kev ua kom qis dua thaum cov dej kub qis;
(2) Thaum cov dej kub muaj siab, qhov kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab tswj cov kev ua haujlwm dhau los tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau cov sludge ua kom tiav. Qhov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem coj peb kom tsis txhob muaj cov neeg tsis muaj kev cia siab ntawm flocs thiab Turboid supernatant los ntawm kev ua kom zoo nkauj.
3. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm sludge concentration thiab ua kom sludge sedimentation piv
Ua kom sludge concentration yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov kawg shoudimentation tus nqi ntawm cov kev sib piv sedimentation. Qhov siab dua cov kev tswj hwm sludge tswj kev pom zoo, qhov kawg ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua kom qis slude sediment sib piv, thiab hloov ua lwm yam. Qhov no yog vim tias thaum qhib kev ua kom zoo siab yog qhov muaj sia, tus naj npawb ntawm cov muaj sia muaj ntau, thiab ntau dua cov kev ua kom pom tseeb yuav tshwm sim tom qab compression thiab sedimentation. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb kom paub qhov txawv ntawm lwm yam uas tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua kom pom tseeb tom qab kev ua kom pom tseeb tom qab ua kom cov xim av xim av. Feem ntau, thaum lub concentration ntawm tsis qhib sludge nce thiab sedimentation extraction actige nce, qhov kev sib tw yog cov xim tsis zoo thiab xim tsaus ntuj. Ntawm chav kawm, qhov qis concentrated ntawm actudge kuj muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm sediment, tab sis nws feem ntau tsis yog los ntawm cov neeg muaj teeb meem hauv cov organic hauv lub zog. Hauv qhov no, tus neeg teb xov tooj ib txwm xav tias kev ua kom zoo siab yog qhov qis heev, yog li nws sim nce cov kev xav ntawm cov sludge. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, kev qhib qhib lub hnub nyoog. Qhov kawg nkaus kev soj ntsuam piv sib piv yuav pom cov kev ua kom nruj me ntsis, xim tsaus nti, ntshiab suprounce, ntshiab suprounce, ntshiab supigatant tab sis nrog cov flocs me me. Yog hais tias sedimentation ratio yog tsawg dhau vim qhov txawv txav sludge uas tau pom nyob rau hauv kev ua kom muaj xim, tsis muaj peev xwm hauv kev ua kom muaj zog, thiab tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau supurged.
Cuam tshuam ntawm sludge concentration ntawm nitrification thiab denitricification
1. Cov nyhuv ntawm sludge concentration ntawm nitrification
Muaj ntau yam ib puag ncig uas cuam tshuam rau nitricification cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, suav nrog: pH, bod \/ turt, ua, thiab sludge concentration tuaj yeem tswj tau thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.
a. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm aerobic nitrification, kev xav ntawm nitrifying cov kab mob, yog li tus nqi ntawm aerobic nitrification cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog siab dua nyob rau hauv cov siab uas muaj kev xav.
b. Ib qho kev txo qis hnub nyoog yog ib qho xwm txheej los xyuas kom muaj cov kab mob nitrify hauv biologifying sludge. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tsim kom muaj kev nyob zoo rau cov kab mob nitrifying nitteria tuaj yeem nce lawv cov feem ntawm microbial uas muaj cov kab mob nitrify. Nyob rau hauv cov kev xav uas siab tshaj plaws, ntau lub hauv paus yuav noj nyob rau hauv Anaerobic theem, thiab nws lub bod \/ TK yuav yog qhov qis dua thaum nkag mus rau theem Aerobic.
Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias kev faib ua feem ntawm nitrify cov kab mob hauv kev ua haujlwm sludge yog intude yog invortely proportional rau bod \/ TNK. Txij li thaum nitrifify cov kab mob yog hom autotrophic cov kab mob, cov concentration ntawm cov organic substrates tsis yog kev txwv rau lawv txoj kev loj hlob. Txawm li cas los xij, yog hais tias cov concentration ntawm cov organic substrates yog qhov nrawm dua thiab sib tw ua kom muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov pa roj hmab los ntawm kev nce qib, ua rau muaj kev txo qis hauv NITRRICATION.
c. Tus nqi yog feem ntau yog qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb ntawm nitration theem ntawm cov dej phwj teb cog tsob ntoo. Feem ntau, tus nqi puas yog saum toj 2 mg \/ l. Hauv feem ntau oxidation ditch cov txheej txheem, qhov nruab nrab ua nqi hauv lub ditch yog qhov nyuaj kom ncav cuag ntawm 1 mg \/ l lossis qis dua, tab sis nitrification zoo yog tseem zoo. Qhov laj thawj rau qhov no yog qhov oxidation ditch muaj qhov kev xav zoo siab. Txawm hais tias tus nqi ua tus nqi nyob rau hauv lub ditch yog tsawg, lwm yam uas muaj peev xwm ua rau nitrification yog txhim kho.
Qhov nce nyob rau hauv sludge concentration nce cov ntim zoo ntawm kev kho roj ntsha thiab txo lub nra. Los ntawm lwm qhov kev xav, qhov nce hauv sludge concentration yuav nce lub aerobic muaj peev xwm ntawm cov kab mob me me. Raws li tib yam kev txwv tsis pub mob, tus nqi tso tawm los ntawm cov ntsuas pa tawm oxygen yuav tsum qis dua. Cov ntsiab lus saum toj no qhia tau tias los ntawm kev txo qis ntawm sludge concentration, tus nqi ua tus nqi nyob rau hauv cov pas dej lom neeg muaj peev xwm ua tau kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab nitricificates yuav tseem tswj tau theem zoo.
d. Txhawm rau kom paub meej tias qhov kev loj hlob ib txwm muaj thiab kev luam tawm ntawm nitrify cov kab mob hauv kev ua haujlwm sludge, lub caij nyoog sludge lub hnub nyoog feem ntau yuav tsum tau tswj tau ntau tshaj 8 hnub. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau ua kom nitrifififififififia thiab lwm cov kab mob anudge muaj kev sib tw uas tsis tshua muaj sia nyob hauv qab, uas txhais tau tias nce qhov kev xav txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev txheeb raws roj ntsha.
2. Cov nyhuv ntawm sludge concentration ntawm denitricification
Kev txheeb ntawm kev txheeb xyuas kev cuam tshuam txog kev siv roj ntsha yog cov txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob ionic siv cov pa oxicen hauv nitoxic teeb meem hauv anoxic. Nitrate yog txo qis rau N2 thiab tus txheej txheem denitrification ua tiav. Cov kab mob tsis kam lees nyob hauv cov txheej txheem denitrification yog ib tug loj ntawm anoxic kws tshaj lij kab mob uas muaj nyob hauv cov dej phwj. Nyob rau hauv aerobic tej yam kev mob, kho tus kab mob siv oxygen ua pa thiab oxidize thiab decpose organic teeb meem.
Thaum tsis muaj cov pa roj oxygen, thaum nitrite ions yog tam sim no tib lub sijhawm, lawv tuaj yeem siv cov pa rau ntawm cov pa thiab oxidize teeb meem. Denitrify cov kab mob tuaj yeem siv ntau yam organic substrates li Electron cov neeg pub, benzoates accors, thiab lwm yam benzo cov kua txiv, uas feem ntau yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv dej. Muaj ntau ntau yam uas cuam tshuam rau tus nqi denitrational, thiab lwm yam dej phwj tuaj yeem ua thiab sludge concentration tuaj yeem tswj tau thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Txawm hais tias cov pa roj carbon-nitrogen piv yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev tsis txaus siab, nws muaj ntau yam kev tawm tsam, nws muaj feem ntau nyuaj los tswj cov haujlwm tiag tiag.
a. Hauv cov kab mob denitrification, cov kab mob tsis kam lees tsuas yog siv ionic oxygen hauv nitrates thiab nitrites kom tsis muaj molecular oxygen. Raws li tau hais ua ntej, kev siv hluav taws xob nrog cov kev txo qis cov paj tau tuaj yeem txo cov pa oxygen thaum tswj hwm cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Yog li ntawd, txo cov pa oxygen kawg ntawm cov qoob loo ua kom zoo nkauj, thiab txhim kho qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov kab mob oxygen, thiab txhim kho cov kab mob uas tsis pom zoo los siv cov roj carbon ntau.
Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, endogenous metabolic aerobic aerobic aerobic aerobic muaj peev xwm kuj muaj zog ntxiv, uas tuaj yeem haus cov pa oxygen rau hauv seem rov qab thiab anoxic seem. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov sludge siab heev yuav hloov lub viscosity, nce cov diffusolt tsis kam, thiab yog li txo cov pa oxygen nqa los ntawm kev rov qab ntws. Hauv qee cov kev kho mob cov txheej txheem uas siv qhib raws raws li rov qab raws, tus nqi ntawm cov pa ntxiv rau kev xa rov qab cov dej ntws rov qab. Hauv ntej, cov dej phwj siab ntau muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua rau txo tus nqi hauv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag.
b. Txij li thaum kho cov kab mob yog Heteroanaerobic kws tshaj lij hauv cov kab ke hauv cov dej phwj tuaj yeem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov kab mob uas tsis kam lees. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsawg tsawg los ua nrog kev ua nitrate thiab nitrite, tab sis yog thawj qhov kev txiav txim siab nrog kev pom zoo ntawm cov kab mob tsis kam lees.
Yog li ntawd, hauv kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag, siab txaus siab tuaj yeem ua rau lub sijhawm tsis kam lees thiab txo cov ntim tau zoo ntawm ntu anoxic. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm qee cov khoom siv tau zoo ntawm ntu anoxic, cov kev tiv thaiv tsis txaus ntseeg nrog cov tshuaj orgine ua kom zoo dua li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv carbon. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau Nitrogen tshem tawm thiab phosphorus tshem cov txheej txheem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov pa roj carbon ntau tsis txaus.
c. Qhov txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov microbial floccules ntawm cov kev xav zoo siab yog qhov loj. Thaum lub sij hawm nitrificification cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nws muaj cuam tshuam los ntawm cov pa qis, thiab ib qho pa oxygen tau yooj yim rau hauv cov floccules, yog ua rau tsis pom zoo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog li ntawd, siab sludge concentration tuaj yeem txhawb txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm tib yam.
Cov nyhuv ntawm sludge concentration ntawm biological phosphorus tshem tawm
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm biological phosphorus tshem tawm yog txhawm rau txhawm rau cov kab mob uas ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab ke polyphosphate thaum tawm ntawm lub system.
Txhawm rau kom nce cov feem ntawm polyphosphate cov kab mob hauv kev ua kom zoo dua thiab tu cov kab mob polyphosphate, uas yog, ib puag ncig zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem. Kev tswj hwm ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm thaj chaw anaerobic yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob thiab luam ntawm polyphosphate cov kab mob tshem tawm. Lub siab sludge concentration nyob rau hauv lub anaerobic cheeb tsam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua polyphosphate cov kab mob.
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm biological phosphorus tshem tawm yog ze ze rau lub hnub nyoog sludge. Tsuas yog thaum sludge muaj hnub nyoog muaj tseeb (txog 3 hnub) tuaj yeem tawm kom raug tshem tawm tau zoo thiab phosphorus tshem tawm haujlwm tau pom. Thaum tus neeg muaj txiaj ntsig SS yog tas mus li, txij li lub sludge concortration yog ib qho siab tshaj plaws rau qee qhov kev pom zoo, qhov tsis zoo ntawm phosphorus tshem tawm!
a. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev ua tau zoo ntawm phosphorus tau nce ntxiv, ua rau muaj kev sib cav sib ceg ntawm lub system.
b. Polyphosphate cov kab mob hauv thaj chaw anaerobic nyob rau hauv thaj chaw anaerobic nqus vfa kom tso duab phosphorus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, thaj chaw anaerobic tuaj yeem siv los ua cov txheej txheem anaerobic ntawm cov kab ke ntawm cov kab mob siab, thiab nyuaj-rau-degrade organic muaj teeb meem hauv dej. Lub zog tso tawm thaum lub phosphorus tso cov txheej txheem polyphosprafe tau siv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acident thiab lwm yam rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acident rau hauv cov txheej txheem kev kho mob tom ntej.